The opium war of 1840 year is the beginning of modern Chinese history, along with the modern Western civilization and the advanced science and technology continues to incoming, Western nursing start into China, opened a new modern nursing.
Western modern nursing home in the 19th century to the 1960s, is adapted to the modern industrial and social division of labor needs arise and developed, its founder is Florence · Nightingale (Florence Nightingale, 1820-1910). She summed up the field ambulance and hospital care and management of successful experience, write out the notes on the hospital, nursing notes of two books and over 100 papers, especially her 1860 in the United Kingdom Saint Thomas Hospital pioneered modern nursing schools, to the formation of modern nursing. Nightingale nursing practice and care, for care work won their social status, nursing as a science and profession, has been recognized that community nursing embarked on the road of the development of modern times. Therefore, also known as the Western modern nursing care-Florence Nightingale.
Western modern nursing as part of Western medicine into China's original form by missionaries to offer the hospital. With the increase of the Chinese church hospital, foreign nurses also came to China. It was in 1915 in the China Christian Council report, at the time of Christ in hospitals and clinics are the foreign doctors 330, 383, foreign nurses to 112. The earliest Western nurses who are United States church hospital nurses Mike Caccini (Mekechnie), other foreign nurses, such as Johnson (Johnson), letter Baozhu (Simpson), cover instrument-Ching (Nina D Gage), Meng ya (Hope Bell) have been to China, engaging in nursing. Foreign nurses to work in the nursing, care for the Western China.
The Church in China as foreign hospitals, nursing staff clearly insufficient, Church, hospital began training China's nursing staff, and gradually developed into a modern nursing schools appear in China. In 1888, the United States originated in Fuzhou nurses Johnson nursing schools, start with a more formal way training China nurse. It was in 1915, the only church in the hospital's nursing schools have 272 36, students. Early nursing schools in the form of teaching is essentially teaching, school affiliated to the hospital, almost every hospital has a nursing school. China's oldest specialized nursing staff is composed of these schools.
Western modern care range into China in another manner is translating Western nursing books and founder of Chinese nursing journals. The first translation into Chinese to Western nursing textbooks is the modern democratic Shirley translated Japanese version of the textbook of the care. In future, the translation of Western nursing books in a large number of publications, such as the guarding of the textbook, "notes on nursing disease (1915), the notes of births attended, the nurse massage Act (1916), the nursing diseases", "the Oxford Handbook of nursing science, the doctor before the arrival, the student nurses Guide (1918), the science of nursing diet, the new guard disease", "care essentials (1920), etc. These introduced into China's Western nursing theory and practice of the earliest texts, for modern Western nursing in our communication and early care workers in China's growth, both played important roles.
Western nursing incoming another event in China is to set up China nurse will (Nursing Association, the predecessor) and founder of the Chinese nurses bulletin. 1908 church-sponsored Chinese medicine, the medical journal loose-leaf, at that time, the host of the Bo medical coats LAN (Cousland) doctors, nursing work very seriously, in the journal of Medicine published new rubric on nurses around. United States nurses believe in the team of journal of Medicine published an open letter on the establishment of the initiative, the Chinese nurses will get a warm response from 1909 Kuling in Jiangxi China nurse will set up. Its members are foreign nurses, until 1914, held its first General Assembly of the national nurse, and only the Chinese nurses clock maofang a participants. 1920, by nurses will host China's nurses bulletin publishes inaugural issue, this is the first comprehensive nursing publications, in addition to coverage of nursing work throughout the hospital, nursing education, introduction of the nursing skills, there are a lot of supportive care work contribution. From 1920 to 1948, 4 1 volume per year, except during the war period, published 25 volumes, published in 1949.
From 1860 Nightingale founded the world's first modern nursing school, 1884 the first Nightingale-United States nurses Mike Nencini came in care work, from 1909 to Chinese nurses will set up the birth of new China in 1949, the Chinese care towards a new stage of development, the Western modern care completed to incoming, rooted and the development of the historical process. Western modern care into China, China new era of modern nursing.
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