To a hospital in Chengdu "capsule" heat death of cancer cells. (The new Gallery pictures)
Each year, died of cancer in the world, China's 700 million people has 100 million people lost their lives. In order to conquer this incurable disease, scientists have paid a lot of effort. But until now, we still haven't found the way to conquer cancer. What is cancer? it from where it came, what harm? academician, Ministry adviser who cancer Sun Yan answered journalists ' questions.
Question 1: how to drag down the human cancer
First, Sun Yan, pointed out that the cancer, also called malignant tumors, benign tumor of a relative. Cancer refers to the body in various tumorigenic factors, local organizations of cell dysplasia and formation of local masses. Benign tumors are easy to clean, generally do not transfer, does not recur, on the organ, tissue only extrusion and blocking effect. But malignant tumors can also undermine the Organization, structure and function of organs, causing necrosis bleeding with infection, patients may due to organ failure and death.
Sun fellow told reporters that the basic unit of cancer lesions is the cancer cells. The aging of human cells after the death of a newborn cells replace it in order to maintain body functions. Most cells are visible, the human body can hyperplasia, BPH is limited, and the proliferation of cancer cells is endless, so patients are a large number of nutrients consumed. At the same time, the cancer can release a variety of toxins, so that the human body produces a range of symptoms. If the detection and treatment is not prompt, it can also be transferred to the growth and reproduction throughout the body, resulting in healthy weight loss, weakness, anemia, loss of appetite, fever and organ damage, etc.
Almost every part of the human body may suffer from cancer. Originally, the human body the biological machines run flawless, but cancer changed this situation, it is destroyed. If you continue, you will drag down the body. However, the tumor is not like a virus, not external intruders, its composition and normal tissue, so the body is unable to recognize the immunity.
Problem 2: cancer cells come from
Sun fellow to press a for example: the human body is composed by one cell. Each cell according to chapter, know when to split the growth, but also know how to combine with other cells, tissues and organs. The different organizations built "drawings" gene.
Many people say that there are cancer cells in the human body, but not development. Medically speaking, if you can detect cancer cells, they can diagnose the human cancer. Therefore, this statement is not correct. Now scientists think that: everyone has inside oncogene, definitely not everyone in vivo has cancer cells.
Proto-oncogene competent cell division and proliferation, human growth requires it. In order to "bundle" of it, the human body in tumor suppressor gene. Usually, the original cancer gene and tumor suppressor genes in maintaining balance, but in the carcinogenic factors, original cancer gene's strength will become larger, and the tumor suppressor gene has become weak. Therefore, the carcinogenic factors in the growth of cancer cells is the start of the "key", mainly including mental factors, genetic factors, lifestyle, certain chemical substances, etc. Many of the "key" together, you can start a "cancer program": "key", the more chances to start.
We also cannot solve all the "key", and therefore are unable to conquer cancer.
Sun fellow that tumor cells from "mutiny" normal cells derived, after many years before they grow into tumors. "Mutiny" cell derail the proliferation speed, cumulative set to 10 billion more than we realize. Cancer cell proliferation speed calculation with double time, one becomes two, two become four, and so on. For example, the stomach, intestine, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal cancer multiplier time average was 33 days; breast cancer doubled the time is 40 days. Since cancer cells continue to multiply, the more progress to advanced cancer quicker.
Question 3: how cancer metastasis
"Cancer is a very ' greedy '. "Sun Fellows said, it will run into it may reach any place of the path there are 3: lymph node metastasis in General most early, so when a tumor, lymph node dissection; radiotherapy in addition to the irradiation of primary tumor focus, exposure to the surrounding lymph nodes. Pours, lymphatic system is an ideal and Cancer Metastasis preferred channel. Lymph node metastasis usually from near and far, such as breast cancer first transferred to the axillary lymph nodes on the same side, after the transfer to the lymph nodes under clavicle, and even on the side of the axillary lymph nodes. Direct intrusion into vascular or lymphatic vessels by cancer cells, as blood flow reaches the other parts of the body such as the lungs, brain, liver and bone, etc., this is metastasis. Gastrointestinal cancer often shift to the liver and lungs, breast cancer, renal cell carcinoma, Sarcoma, often to the lung, lung cancer and easy transfer to the brain, prostate cancer and easy transfer into the bone. Chemotherapy is to avoid cancer cells through the metastasis, and medication "along the" kill cancer cells.
There is also a transfer less, is growing. Cancer cells from the tumor surface falls off, "off" in the pleural and peritoneal cavities in the brain and spinal cord, etc., will be "sprouted". Took place in the lower part of the cavity, such as rib diaphragmatic angle, rectal bladder Wo, cranial base, etc.
Finally, Sun fellow told reporters that ordinary people always say what is carcinogenic, in fact, we also cannot be said that as long as you don't eat what does not have cancer, or what you will have to contact cancer. Now also found no one factor is an inevitable factor induced by cancer. The most important victory over cancer is early detection, most early cancer can be cured. To do this, we first periodic examinations, the second is not comfortable going to the doctor. Some symptoms may be associated with cancer, do not feel pain before they go to the doctor.
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